Canada Calling
April 1999

by Bryce Lee

INDUSTRY NEWS

The Supreme Court of Canada has stripped away some long standing protection for railway companies. The recent ruling means railways will have to take more responsibility for the public safety at rail crossings. For the past 90 years railways have had special status under negligence laws. They could not be held fully accountable in civil lawsuits filed after accidents at rail crossings. Railway companies now will have to follow the same public safety laws of all other property owners; and that means ensuring safe crossing for all people going over rail road tracks.

British Columbia's West Coast Express staged a crash scenario Sunday, February 7, 1999 in Mission at the Wren Street rail crossing. The annual accident simulation exercise, which had been in planning over the past six months, involved a westbound WCE train hitting a flatbed truck loaded with hazardous commodities. The simulation tested the preparedness of first responders and critical incident systems from Mission Fire Department, C.P.Rail, WCE, B.C. Ambulance and RCMP. This was the first WCE safety test involving a volunteer fire department. The objective was to ensure that all responding agencies have a clear understanding of procedures and that they inter-relate with each other effectively.

The town of Smiths Falls Ontario now has less than two months to save its vintage train station. Town officials are trying to attract a private investor who might be willing to use the station. If they can't find one by the end of March, demolition will begin. The Smiths Falls train station was constructed in 1946 and occupies about 10,000 square feet. At one time, CP railwaymen bunked on the second floor. But neither CP nor VIA Rail require the building and it's fallen into disrepair. The town wants to preserve the station and say it has potential to be renovated into a bed and breakfast or a furniture warehouse. CP and VIA are willing to pay for half the cost of renovations. But if the town can't find a major backer, the station will be demolished. And in its place, they'll build a small shelter. More than 25,000 passengers a year use the town's station, a ready-made market for anyone who wants to open a business there. A new business at the station could also be a commissioned VIA sales agent. CP Rail, which owns the building through its eastern subsidiary, the St. Lawrence and Hudson Railway, and VIA, which leases a portion of it for passenger service, have committed up to C$50,000 each toward the station revamp, which is expected to cost about C$181,000. CP Rail promised to sell the building to the town for C$1.

For the second year in a row, GO Transit has set a ridership record. In 1998, GO Trains and GO Buses carried 35.95 million passengers, an increase of 4.4 percent over 1997's ridership of 34.42 million, which had itself been the highest annual total to date. The biggest growth last year was in GO's train service, and on its Union Station bus service that connects downtown Toronto with other train stations at times when the trains do not run. Annual ridership on just these two segments of GO's service has risen by over 21 percent since 1995, from 23.78 million to 28.93 million. GO will inevitably need to expand service significantly if ridership keeps growing as much as it has in the last three years. Some of the reasons for GO's popularity in the past three years are; more express trains in last June's service changes, which also added seating capacity on some trains; expansion of the Union Station bus service to attract new customers who need the flexibility of travelling one way by train and the other by bus; and the addition of a second rush-hour train on the Bradford line.

Bombardier Transportation has won a C$260-million contract to provide 36 light rail vehicles for an automated rapid transit system in Thessaloniki, the second-largest city in Greece. Bombardier said it's a member of the consortium that signed a C$960-million deal with the Greek Ministry for Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works to build and run the system for 20 years. Thessaloniki Line 1 will consist of a 9.4-kilometre underground, double-track system linking 14 stations and using the Bombardier vehicles. Light rail vehicles, based on those supplied by Bombardier to London's Docklands Light Railway in the early 1990s, will be designed and built at Bombardier Transportation facilities in Belgium. Bombardier's Transit Systems in Kingston Ontario, will be responsible for overall system design, engineering and integration, the supply of the train control and communications systems, as well as system testing and commissioning. Work on the project is to begin this year, subject to financing being in place. The system is expected to start running in 2004.

As many as 10 Chinese, denim pads on their knees, crawled in the dark into the United States on February 9, 1999 across a railway bridge suspended 60 metres above the Niagara River. Three men and three women were taken into custody about 12:30 a.m. after reaching solid ground, while the others scattered away from the U.S. Border Patrol officers who spotted them. The six were charged with illegal entry and ordered held pending a detention hearing. The upper deck of the bridge connecting Niagara Falls, Ontario, and Niagara Falls, N.Y., is used by trains, while cars and trucks use the lower deck. Authorities said the illegal aliens may have paid smugglers up to US $40,000 each for passage into the United States. They had arrived in Canada within the last two weeks from Fujian Province in southeastern China. Some had been in Toronto and the others were in Montreal before coming together at the bridge. No one in the group carried immigration papers or other documents.

Rotating strikes by weighing staff have cut grain movement at West Coast terminals in half, said the Western Grain Elevator Association. Executive director Ed Guest said labour disruptions at the ports have already forced railways to cut back weekly railcar allocations. The walkouts are part of rotating strike action by the Public Service Alliance of Canada, which represents the seventy employees who work for the Canadian Grain Commission. PSAC resumed the walkouts after the Treasury Board, responsible for negotiations with the union, ignored a request for more contract talks. The current job action started February 7, when weighing staff walked off the afternoon and midnight shifts. The day shift, however, did work as scheduled Monday and Tuesday. A handful of managers have been trying to fill in for the regular staff. The association wants the grain commission to allow the terminals to operate without the weighing monitoring service, which is required by law. Last month, a four-day strike by weighing staff effectively shut down the Port of Vancouver the country's busiest grain handling port.

After years of hauling luggage, shining shoes and making beds on the trains, Canada's black railway porters finally got some recognition. Heritage Canada unveiled a plaque to honour their place in Canadian history at Windsor Station in Montreal. Black men who toiled as porters in brutal and degrading working conditions were honoured as nation builders February 15, 1999. The porters, who worked on trains across Canada, were also praised for their efforts to eliminate racial discrimination. Benjamin Layne, 68, a retired porter, said he was pleased that Heritage Canada acknowledged their service Monday by unveiling a plaque in their honour at Montreal's Windsor Station. The men worked on three hours' sleep a night, hauled bags, made beds, cleaned ashtrays and attended to any other needs of passengers. The service came with impeccable politeness; they were required to be pleasant at all times; even though as grown men they were still sometimes called boy. The famed story of Canada's railways shows how the country was pulled together. But the porters' story is one of pioneers who fought poor wages and discrimination to become part of a country they loved despite how it treated them. Along with seeking better wages and conditions for its workers, the union also pressured Ottawa and provincial governments to legislate against job and housing discrimination. Being a porter was one of only a handful of jobs blacks were permitted in the early part of the century. It was only in 1964, that black porters finally were allowed to work in other positions at CPR and Canadian National Railways.

The Federal Transport Minister said Toronto's transportation network is overloaded and something has to be done about it. David Collenette said about 25-percent of Canada's wealth moves through its largest city. He noted the transportation system is having trouble keeping up with the growing population. Collenette says the big expansion at Pearson Airport will help improve things. But he thinks the airport needs a rail link so it is better coordinated with other types of transportation. Collenette says a rail link for Pearson would have to be paid for by the private sector.

Cold Lake Alberta residents are waiting to find out if 4 Wing Cold Lake's decision to ship aviation fuel by road will mean the abandonment of the track connecting the airbase to the outside world. The Department of National Defence has calculated it can slash C$2-million from its fuel bill by using road tankers instead of trains. Canadian Forces decided to review the transport arrangements recently because its fuel handling system is due for a C$750,000 upgrade. 4 Wing needs about 300,000 litres of aviation fuel daily. Each tanker truck can carry 50,000 litres. Esso currently has the nationwide contract to supply the military with aviation fuel. Currently RaiLink provides service to Cold Lake. Fuel by train costs so much per litre for the transport itself and another amount per litre for the rental of the tank cars (paid by the fuel supplier and passed on to the consumer); some costs by truck are about half the cost of rail, although the cost of fuel itself is the same regardless of transport method. The fuel is produced in Edmonton Alberta, a few hours away by road.

CANADIAN NATIONAL RAILWAYS

Amtrak gave its blessing February 5, 1999 to Canadian National Railway Co.'s $3.3-billion merger with Illinois Central Corp. The rail passenger service pledged its support after winning assurance of on-time handling of Amtrak trains. Amtrak Intercity operates most of Amtrak's long-distance trains, as well as short- and medium-distance trains emanating from Chicago. CN and Illinois Central both said Amtrak's support was important to the merged enterprise. Amtrak agreed to support the merger and withdraw its submission to the U.S. Surface Transportation Board, which has been examining the CN-IC deal since last spring. Canadian National hopes to reap US$216.2 million annually from its acquisition of Illinois Central. CN had a 1997 profit of US$336 million and Illinois Central had a profit of US$141 million.

Canadian National Railway Company (CN) and Illinois Central Corporation (IC) announced February 22, 1999 that they have negotiated an implementing agreement with the Brotherhood Railroad Signalmen (BRS), resolving all labour issues related to the proposed merger of CN and IC. Under the agreement, the key issues of overlapping collective agreements and seniority districts on CN, IC and their subsidiaries have been resolved.

CN and IC in a joint statement of February 19, 1999 urged the U.S. Surface Transportation Board (STB) to recognize the merits of their merger transaction and to approve it without any conditions sought by interveners. Both railways reiterated that their transaction fully meets the public interest standards for rail mergers in the U.S. The two railroads emphasized that the STB should deny requests for merger conditions sought by parties attempting to frustrate new rail competition or to address issues unrelated to the merger. The brief further stated that CN/IC's application for removal of certain trackage rights limitations at Springfield, Illinois, should also be granted because it is in the public interest. The STB will hear oral arguments on the transaction March 18, 1999, in Washington, D.C. The agency will vote on the transaction March 25 and issue a written decision reflecting its March 25 vote by May 25. CN and IC filed a formal application with the STB on July 15, 1998, seeking regulatory approval of CN's acquisition of IC and the integration of the companies' rail operations.

The Federal Transportation Safety Board is investigating the cause of a CN train derailment, at Neswabin siding in a wooded area near Hornpayne on February 6, 1999. The train crew saw a fireball when one of two cars carrying benzene was punctured. The resulting explosion ignited adjacent lumber cars. The provincial environment ministry said most of the leaked benzene burned off and did not pose a threat to the environment. Trains were detoured on the CPR.

The Canadian Auto Workers union has withdrawn a charge of bad-faith bargaining against Canadian National Railway Co. after reaching a deal on cushioning a major layoff. CN disclosed the workforce reduction, which included 1,075 CAW jobs, the month after it had reached a three-year contract with the CAW. Union officials said that during the contract talks the company had promised that large job reductions were over. After CN declined to reopen negotiations, the union asked the federal labour minister for permission to charge the company with bargaining in bad faith aiming to regain the right to strike to force a settlement. The minister, Claudette Bradshaw, granted the union's request for a Canadian Labour Relations Board hearing last month, and CN returned to the bargaining table. CAW rail-unit spokesman Abe Rosner said the union could not estimate how many jobs would be saved by the agreement, though it could be several hundred. More important, Rosner said, is that the deal opens the way for more voluntary departures and eases the impact on workers who are laid off. The main job-saving measure is a requirement that CN act on union recommendations to reduce overtime, creating more 40-hour-week jobs, the union said. The agreement also ensures workers can use voluntary early retirement to avoid layoff or relocation. The CAW said other new measures include departure packages for senior employees to save the jobs of junior workers, which the union estimates will help protect more than 400 members from layoff; new training for senior employees; a company-paid 12-week job search for laid-off workers; and a longer recall period for those whose jobs are cut.

A laid-off CN railway clerk from Winnipeg who got back at his employer by using a computer to send freight cars the wrong way earned some sympathy from a judge on february 15, 1999. David Turgay was a victim of corporate downsizing at the CNR and not a malicious troublemaker. The judge gave Turgay a two-year suspended sentence and ordered him to turn in the company computer from which he had worked at his Winnipeg home. The hearing revealed how Turgay, altered computer data to send several freight cars 100 kilometres out of their way in Quebec last May. It was Turgay's way of telling the company he was still needed to prevent that kind of thing from happening. Court heard how Turgay, who pleaded guilty to one count of mischief, used a computer to redirect cars from Drummondville to Joffre instead of Quebec City. He thought the changes would be immediately caught and corrected and when they weren't he tried to change them. CN said the computer tinkering caused C$20,000 in damage to late shipments and staff time to sort out the problems.

Two BNSF SD70MAC's left Battle Creek Michigan on February 3, 1999 and arrived Macmillan Yard, Toronto, Ontario on February 4. They then left MacMillan Yard on March 5 headed to Melville, Saskatchewan. The engine consist was CN SD75I 5649, KCS 6620, BN 9691, BNSF 9864, CN GP40 9530, SD40-2 5321, 5350, with the last three being transferred for use elsewhere. Adhesion haulage tests were to be conducted upon their arrival on the Qu'Appelle Subdivision in Saskatchewan. The locomotives were returned to BNSF as follows: Train Q11451-16 arrived in Melville SK February 17, 1999 Dash 9-C44CWL 2508, Dash 8-40CM 2428, set off the 2428, and lifted BN 9691-BNSF 9864. The train left Winnipeg at 0915 February 18, and was expected to arrive Toronto at about 0200 February 20. They likely returned on train 395, from MacMillan Yard the same day to return to the BNSF.

On January 31, 1999 eastward train 428, units 5410-5432, with 2452 trailing arriving at the west end of Jasper Yard, collided with an extra yard assignment, units GCFX 6064-CN 5257. The 6064 was derailed with a leaking fuel tank. 5410 had front end damage. 5432 had some damage at each end. Nine cars were derailed and some striking the 2452.

CN has a new train 332 operating from Sarnia to Buffalo, through Hamilton at 2215, and a new train 331 operates from Buffalo to Sarnia, through Hamilton 1830. These two trains started the middle of February 1999. CN Train 333 will now set off Hamilton traffic at Hamilton RaiLink rather than Aldershot Yard, located between Burlington West and Bayview.

CANADIAN PACIFIC RAILWAY

Canadian Pacific Railway plans to sell its Manitoba rail welding plant to a US company, Chemetron Railway Products Inc., in a move that will cut up to 50 full time jobs. the railway announced February 3, 1999. It expects to complete the deal to sell its Transcona plant in Winnipeg to Kansas-based Chemetron in the coming weeks. A CP Rail spokesman would not say what the deal is worth. Chemetron, a major rail industry supplier, also owns a welding plant in Vancouver and several others in the United States. The Chemetron deal will increase CP Rail's track installation program and cut transportation costs by providing cheaper welded rail across its North American system. Currently, CP Rail imports raw steel from Japan through Vancouver, hauls it to the Winnipeg welding plant, and then ships the welded track to installation sites across its 25,000 kilometre territory. The deal is expected to cut 50 permanent jobs at Transcona. CP Rail said the company expects to hire a few workers at nearby operations and expects several others to find work with Chemetron. The remaining employees will be eligible for severance payments, educational leave, early retirement and other benefits under the railway's union contract.

On February 15, 1999, Canadian Pacific Railway donated more than 1600 of abandoned rail lines, including 400 kilometres in Alberta comprising of 38 sections of land in six provinces to the establishment of the Trans Canada Trail. The majority of these lands are in Alberta (14 sections) and Saskatchewan (15 sections), with an additional two sections in British Columbia, three in Manitoba, one in Ontario and three in Nova Scotia. As the new owner, The Trans Canada Trail Foundation has assumed responsibility for the lands and will be assessing them to determine how they will best contribute to the coast-to-coast Trans Canada Trail project. The Trans Canada Trail Foundation will take title for the CPR-donated lands over the next several months. The 15,000 kilometre path will be used for walking, cycling, horseback riding, cross-country skiing and snowmobiling. In Alberta, the railway is donating 404 kilometres of former lines in 15 sections from the Two Hills area in central Alberta south to Manyberries near the US border. Other donated sections of rail lines are in Saskatchewan, BC, Manitoba, Ontario and Nova Scotia. The Trans Canada Trail Foundation hopes to complete the main trunk by the fall of 2000 at a cost of C$23-million. Where the donated lands are:

Canadian Pacific Railway is optimistic it can reach an out-of-court settlement with the Canadian Wheat Board in a lawsuit over losses claimed by farmers in the 1996-97 crop year. February 22, 1999 was the deadline for the railroad to file its statement of defence but instead both parties asked the Federal Court of Canada for a three-week extension. The wheat board took its case against both Canadian National Railway and CPR to the Canadian Transportation Agency in 1998, claiming the railways did not provide adequate service to grain farmers during the winter months of 1996-97. The board claimed CPR and CN provided preferential service to other commodity customers. Partway through the proceedings, the wheat board negotiated an undisclosed settlement with the CNR, but continued with the case against CPR. The transportation agency ruled in October 1998 that the CPR did not provide adequate rail service to Vancouver and preferentially shipped other commodities to port. However, the agency agreed with CPR that severe weather hampered the railway's operations.

With the expected Conrail dismemberment on June 1, 1999, CPR will begin serving the City of New York directly. Initial plans call for trains 274/275 to serve the corridor, initially on a five days per week schedule (Sunday to Thursday) building to seven day a week service to Oak Point as traffic builds. Additional traffic in the form of trainloads of municipal waste every other day will also be handled. To handle this traffic, CP will be equipping a pool of 13 units with cab signal equipment as well as modified pilots (to clear the third rail). CP has chosen the following units for this pool: SD40-2's 5415, 5420, 5421, 5423, 5427, 5670, 5677, 5678, 5689, 5690, 5697, 5698 and SD40 5522. Some of these units are already equipped with the cab signals and LSL, as they formerly worked the Harrisburg, PA to Potomac Yard pool. New York City will be the away from home terminal for CPR crews operating from Saratoga Springs.

SHORTLINES

RaiLink Ltd. announced February 22, 1999 that it has responded to the recent acquisition of shares of RaiLink by OmniTRAX, Inc. by the appointment of a Special Committee of its Board of Directors to assess the effect of such purchases and the options available to RaiLink, the appointment of HSBC Securities as financial advisor to RaiLink and the adoption of a short term shareholders rights plan to ensure fair treatment of all shareholders. On February 19, 1999 OmniTRAX announced that it had acquired 450,000 common shares of RaiLink on February 19, 1999 in addition to the 785,100 common shares of RaiLink that it acquired on February 12, 1999. These acquisitions have resulted in OmniTRAX holding 1,994,600 common shares of RaiLink, representing approximately 24.8% of the outstanding common shares of RaiLink, including common shares held by entities acting jointly or in concert with OmniTRAX. No member of the Board of Directors or management of RaiLink has been contacted by OmniTRAX disclosing the intention of OmniTRAX. OmniTRAX's press release indicates that it is continuing to review all of its alternatives and may acquire additional common shares or make an offer to acquire all or part of the outstanding common shares of RaiLink or may sell the shares that it now holds on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions to one or more persons. The purpose of the appointment of the Special Committee and financial advisor is to facilitate consideration by the Board of Directors as to all options and strategies available to the Corporation to continue to maximize shareholder value. The purpose of the shareholder rights plan (the "Plan") is to ensure that all RaiLink shareholders receive fair and equal treatment and to guard against partial or two-tier offers or other tactics to gain control of the Corporation without treating all shareholders fairly. The Plan protects shareholders if any person or group, after February 21, 1999, acquires 20% or more of RaiLink's common shares otherwise than pursuant to a permitted bid to all shareholders or certain other exceptions. The Plan also protects shareholders if any person or group which owns more than 20% of RaiLink's common shares on February 21, 1999 increases their common shares by more than 1% (to a maximum of 24.99%) except in accordance with certain exemptions including by way of a permitted bid to all shareholders. Upon the occurrence of a triggering event under the Plan, the rights issued to shareholders under the Plan will entitle each holder, other than the acquiring person or group, to acquire common shares of RaiLink at a 50% discount to market. The Plan is not intended to prevent a take-over bid being made for the outstanding common shares of RaiLink; however, it does require any person seeking control of RaiLink to extend an offer to all shareholders of RaiLink by way of a permitted bid. The Plan provides for a ten-day window after the scheduled end of a permitted bid, when shareholders can determine whether or not to tender into the bid. The Plan is subject to obtaining all required regulatory approvals. Rights issued under the plan will expire on May 15, 1999.

MOTIVE POWER

Canadian National:

Progress Rail of Birmingham Alabama has purchased CN SD40's 5126, 5144, 5160, 5207, and GP9u's 4002, 4003, 4004, 4005. The units were enroute to their destination in mid-February, 1999.

Retirements: February 14, GTW GP40 6404, February 17 SW1200RS 1348 and SD40 5012, February 22 SD40's 5027, 5056, 5069. The 1348 was on lease to RaiLink Hamilton and was damaged beyond economical repair. An accident happened on joint trackage with the CPR on January 22, 1999 in Hamilton's industrial sector. CPR SW1200s 8161 and 8131 were damaged in the accident and have been repaired.

Canadian Pacific:

CP now has 28 SD90MAC's in service: 9100-9128 inclusive, with the exception of unit 9126. CP 9100, 9160 are temporarily restricted to trailing position only, due to problems with the automatic brake.

Retired CP C424m 4237 moved to the Canadian Railway Museum, in Delson, Quebec on February 18, 1999 for preservation. Ontario Hydro has advised told CP to deliver Hydro-owned SD40-2's 5784, 5786, and 5860 to CN in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

SHORTLINE MOTIVE POWER:

Following their successful acquisition of numerous former CN M420W's, Omnitrax roads Hudson Bay Railway and Carlton Trail are returning additional units to the USA. Hudson Bay Railway GP35 2501 and GP7 2510 are now enroute to Kansas Southwestern in Witchita, Kansas. Carlton Trail is also forwarding GP10 1040 to the Central Kansas Railroad in Witchita and 1042 to Chicago Grain in Chicago, Illinois while former SP GP9E OMLX 3372 is going to Manufacturers Junction Railway in Cicero, Illinois.

TOR SW1200RS 1201, ex-CN 1335, is in ONR North Bay shop for prime mover repairs and is expected to return to Hamilton when finished. TOR GP9u 1752 is also at the ONR shop and will return to Hamilton or Brantford when done; it now will not go west to the RaiLink Central Western. M420W 3508 was moved to MacMillan Yard for traction motor change.

Former VIA FP9Au's 6303 and 6312 are enroute to RaiLink in North Bay, moving via the Ottawa Central to Pembroke, then RaiLink. The locomotives have been sold to RaiLink and are expected to be used on the Tembec trains to be operated later this year in northern Ontario. Former VIA coaches for the train are undergoing refurbishment in North Bay, Ontario.

Ottawa Central 1838 recently received a traction motor changeout at Canadian Allied Diesel in Lachine, Quebec.

NBEC RS18m's 1813 and 1849 moved from Mont Joli to Taschereau Yard and were billed to Canadian Allied Diesel, Lachine for repair. New Brunswick East Coast SD40's 6900 to 6910 will be ex-CN SD40s 5087, 5040, 5065, 5057, 5021, 5010, 5080, 5227, GTW 5915, 5918 and 5926. These are only getting an overhaul, no upgrade to -2 or -3 status.

Iron Road Railways has received three more Helm GP40's, HATX 408, 415, and 418, with three more enroute. Former Amtrak F40PH 380, now Canadian American 450, and modified with the steps on the front, has now been named "Margaret Collins".

Canac forwarded five switchers from Montreal to CLN in Charny, Quebec for repainting into Canac black and yellow scheme. The units are SW1200RS's 1341, 1344, 1352, 1391, and 1395.

CN Units on lease to shortlines (updated from last month):

• NBEC: GP9u 4137; SD40 5038, 5101, 5139, 5178, 5218, 5222, 5233, 5235, 5388. (NBEC 1813 & 1849 are at Canadian Allied Diesel in Lachine Quebec for repairs);
• RLHH: SW1200RS 1359, 1363 GP40-2W 9660 (GP38-2 4771 & 9622 now returned);
• RLGN: SD40 5060, 5215 (5012 & 5074 now returned);
• QGRY: GP9u 4012, 4119, GP40-1 9637, 9639;
• GEXR: GP40-2 9633, 9643, 9661;
• OCRR: GP9u 4036, 4107 (OCRR RS18u 1824, 1828, bad order in Ottawa and RS18u 1842 now at CLN, Capreol.)
• SLRQ: GP9u 4102, 4106; SD40-2 5333 will be returned and SLRQ will be leasing three other SD40-2s.
• CBNS: GP40-2(W) 9459, 9615.

Thank you to the following individuals for contributions to this version of Canada Calling, On The Internet: Rainer Auer, Will Baird, Christian Base, Peter Bowers, Kevin Burkholder, Gerry Burridge, Bruce Chapman, Paul Duncan, Gil Emery Jr., Tim Green, Paul Hammond, Roman Hawryluk, Joseph F. Kazmar, Randy Kotuby, Roland Legault, Doug Page, Carl Perleman, Earl Roberts, Jim Sandilands, LGR Smith, Mike Swick, Drew Toner. 

[ DEPARTMENTS ]